Im Verlauf dieser Offensive erfolgten Angriffe der NLF und der NVA auf hunderte von militärischen Zielen und urbanen Ballungsräumen, darunter auch Huế. The Marines did not progress further than one block before their advance was halted by troops from the PAVN 815th Battalion and after three hours of room to room fighting, the Marines captured the Huế University building at the base of the Trường Tiền Bridge two blocks northwest of the MACV Compound, so reducing enemy fire towards the LCU ramp. In der Trần-Cao-Vân-Straße wurde eine Marineinfanteriekompanie von nordvietnamesischen Soldaten jedoch niedergehalten. Am 1. Here a Marine takes advantage of a lull to shave using a broken mirror and a bowl he found in a nearby house. Later that day, U.S. Marine helicopters from HMM-165 brought part of the ARVN 4th Battalion, 2nd Regiment from Đông Hà Combat Base into the Citadel. Tuohy, William. Die restlichen Einheiten des 4. "[31], The November 2004 anti-insurgent Marine operation in the city of Fallujah that took place during the Iraq War, has been compared to the Battle of Huế. Meanwhile, two kilometers to the northwest, the remainder of the 5/7th Cavalry, resumed its advance toward Thon An. The Marines secured the chapel and the east school building, but were pinned down for hours by interlocking fire from the west building. [10]:28, The Marine's Phu Bai Combat Base, 11 kilometers (6.8 mi) south of Huế on Highway 1, included Task Force X-Ray, a brigade-size component of the 1st Marine Division built around the 1st and 5th Marine Regiments. That evening Company B was replaced by Company L, 3rd Battalion, 5th Marines. To date it is the only U.S. Navy ship named after a battle in the Vietnam War.[35]. Huế war eine wichtige Nachschubbasis und durch die geringe Entfernung (nur 50 Meilen) von der EMZ von großer strategischer Bedeutung und wurde deshalb zur Verteidigungsfestung gegen mögliche kommunistische Offensiven ausgebaut. [12]:140, Within the ARVN 1st Battalion, 3rd Regiment and 2nd and 7th Airborne Battalions cleared out the north and western parts of the Citadel including the Chanh Tay Gate, while the 4th Battalion, 2nd Regiment moved south from Mang Ca towards the Imperial Palace, killing over 700 PAVN-VC by 4 February. The Marine Corps' military operations in urban terrain doctrine recognizes that tactical success does not necessarily translate to strategic victory... the Battle of Huế in the Vietnam War, when Marines defeated an enemy that sought to put up a good fight but never expected to win. Battle of Hue - Battle - U.S. Marines. [22], The PAVN-VC's actions were based on a series of orders issued by the PAVN High Command and the Provisional Revolutionary Government of the Republic of South Vietnam (PRG). Die US-Bataillone beschlossen, ihre erreichten Positionen über Nacht zu sichern und das Gefecht erst mit Verstärkungen am nächsten Morgen wieder aufzunehmen. Faceted Browser ; Sparql Endpoint ; Browse using . März 1968, Seiten 18A. [4]:174–4 This was easier said than done as the PAVN-VC were well dug-in and firing from virtually every building in the Citadel. [9]:347–9 On 9 February 5/7th Cavalry resumed their advance with artillery support from PK-17 and naval gunfire; they overran Lieu Coc finding PAVN bodies and fighting positions. [9]:268, The PAVN set up provisional authorities shortly after capturing Huế, charged with removing the existing Republic of Vietnam administration from power within the city and replacing it with a "revolutionary administration". Regiment, die 7. [9]:280–6 After securing the Jeanne d'Arc High School, Company A, 1/1 Marines recaptured the Le Loi Elementary School. [12]:99–101 On 13 February Companies F and H crossed the bridge again with the aim of securing the entire area. One company occupied a six-way intersection on Highway 1 a few blocks southeast of the MACV Compound to prevent Allied mechanized forces from entering the city. After a day of attacks the Marines withdrew to their night defensive positions. [10]:59, Also on 7 February, the North Vietnamese tried to bring their own air support into the battle, sending four Vietnam People's Air Force Il-14 transport aircraft from an airfield near Hanoi. The next day Company F swept the west bank of the canal, fighting through houses and the Huế Railway Station that had been sheltering PAVN snipers, before withdrawing back across the bridge. „Truck Route Said to Help Foe in Hue“, Washington Post, 17. Two of the aircraft carrying explosives, antitank ammunition and field telephone cables managed to find an opening in the cloud layer about 10 kilometers (6.2 mi) north of Huế. Die Einheiten wurden in verschiedene Stoßtrupps eingeteilt, um militärische und zivile Ziele im Handstreich zu nehmen. Februar 1968 befahl General Cushman dem Kommandeur der 1. [4]:199 On 14 February the Marines resumed their attack supported by Marine and Navy gun fire and Marine close air support. Eine Einheit verirrte sich in der Dunkelheit und konnte die Stadt nicht vor 6:00 Uhr erreichen, dennoch gelang es der NVA, die Südstadt bis auf das Gefängnis, den MACV-Komplex und die LCU-Rampe (Landing Craft Utility) am Flussufer einzunehmen. The outer stone wall is one meter thick, five meters high and is separated from the inner wall by dirt fill. ARVN-Kavallerie und die 1. The cost had been heavy: the ARVN suffered 131 casualties including 40 dead, and lost four of the 12 armored personnel carriers in the convoy. Den verteidigenden Amerikanern gelang es jedoch, den ersten Angriff zurückzuschlagen. Attacking in a southeasterly direction, the two battalions would then attempt to close the PAVN-VC supply line into Huế. Unknown to Allied intelligence, the PAVN had recently shifted several more regiments and support units from Quảng Trị Province to the vicinity of Huế. The U.S. Army 1st and 3rd Brigades, 1st Cavalry Division and the 2nd Brigade, 101st Airborne Division, operated out of a series of firebases and landing zones between Phu Bai and Quảng Trị. Schließlich konnten die Marines die amerikanische Flagge über der Zitadelle hissen, mussten diese aber aus diplomatischen Gründen und wegen der südvietnamesischen Rechtslage wieder einholen. [9]:45, The North Vietnamese plan for the Tet Offensive was known as the "General Offensive-General Uprising". On 27 February the entire battalion attacked the hill but the PAVN had withdrawn during the night, leaving behind 14 dead. Under I Corps command, but available to Trưởng upon his request were two battalions of the ARVN 1st Airborne Task Force and a troop of armored personnel carriers from the 7th Armored Cavalry Squadron at PK-17, the ARVN base located near a road marker on Highway 1, 17 kilometers (11 mi) north of Huế. Other Articles: Due to Huế's religious and cultural status, Allied forces were ordered not to bomb or shell the city, for fear of destroying the historic structures. Als die M48-Panzer der Marines versuchten über die Hauptbrücken des Parfüm-Flusses zu fahren, stellte sich heraus, dass dieser Panzertyp zu schwer für die Brücken war. The 804th Battalion and the 1st Sapper Battalion remained south of the canal near the An Cuu Bridge while the 810th Battalion began preparing to sneak west across the Perfume River by raft and boat to Gia Hoi Island. [9]:331, On 6 February the Marines attacked the Provincial Headquarters which served as the command post of the PAVN 4th Regiment. Cheatham then joined his company commanders in Huế University and they proceeded to develop the tactics to be used in recapturing southern Huế. By the beginning of the North Vietnamese Tet Offensive on 30 January 1968, which coincided with the Vietnamese Tết Lunar New Year, large conventional American forces had been committed to combat operations on Vietnamese soil for almost three years. Other PAVN troops split off and attacked the Huế railway station and a police headquarters facility near the Bach Ho Railroad Bridge. [10]:57, Gravel's 1/1 Marines had been clearing the area to the east and south of the MACV Compound and on 10 February they captured the soccer stadium (16°28′01″N 107°35′49″E / 16.467°N 107.597°E / 16.467; 107.597), providing a second, safer helicopter landing zone. Februar 1968. unesco world heritage site. [4]:176, Shortly after 15:00, Company F, 2/5 Marines made a helicopter landing into southern Huế. The attack resumed the following morning and the ridge was secured with 20 PAVN and two Marines killed. Zahlreiche US-amerikanische Panzer waren durch Treffer aus 75-mm-Geschützen ausgeschaltet worden. Februar 1968, Seiten A1. On the 31st, two of its battalions, the 2nd and 3rd, advanced east from encampments southwest of the city along the northern bank of the Perfume River, but PAVN defensive fire forced them to fall back. Am 1. When the headquarters of 3rd Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division arrived at Camp Evans, 27 kilometers (17 mi) northwest of Huế on 26 January, it found that the site held no stocks of ammunition or fuel. Die NVA sah daraufhin einstweilen von weiteren Bodenangriffen ab, begann eine Belagerung und belegte den Komplex mit Mörserfeuer, Raketen und Beschuss aus vollautomatischen Waffen. [9]:272–3 On the morning of 4 February the Marines launched their attack on the Treasury. Several dozen Army technical specialists and military intelligence personnel were billeted in the Huong Giang Hotel several blocks to the west. battle: Part of: Vietnam War: Location: Huế, Thừa Thiên Huế, VN : Point in time: 2 March 1968: Start time: 30 January 1968: End time: 3 March 1968: 16° 28′ 03″ N, 107° 34′ 48″ E Nationale Front für die Befreiung Südvietnams, United States Military Assistance Command Vietnam, „Many U.S. Three of these regiments were believed to be involved in the siege of Khe Sanh. On 16 February two companies from the 1st Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment, fought elements of the 803rd Regiment, 324B Division, about 20 kilometers (12 mi) northeast of Huế, killing 29 PAVN before they broke contact the following day. Der britisch-amerikanische Antikriegsfilm Full Metal Jacket von Stanley Kubrick aus dem Jahr 1987 hat die Schlacht um Huế zum Thema. [10]:60, On 10 February two forward observers from the Marines' 1st Field Artillery Group were flown into Tây Lộc to help coordinate artillery and naval gunfire to support the fighting within the Citadel, however Trưởng instructed them that the Imperial Palace was not to be fired on. Die kommunistischen Truppen hatten die anfänglichen Erfolge mit schweren Verlusten erkauft. Zugriff am 18. [4]:176, At about 15:00, the ARVN 1st Battalion, 3rd Regiment reached the 1st Division command post at the Mang Ca compound. Losses continued to mount throughout the day from mortar and small arms fire and that night the Battalion commander decided to breakout from the encirclement by a night march to an ARVN position on Nha Nanh hill (16°27′35″N 107°30′22″E / 16.4598°N 107.506°E / 16.4598; 107.506) from where they could be resupplied and the casualties medevaced. As he later remembered, the American M48s were too heavy for the bridge and the ARVN tankers "refused to go." [9]:496–8 Over the coming months U.S. public opinion turned decisively against the war.[9]:519. [9]:269 The battalion consolidated its night defensive positions and waited to renew its attack the following day. Unable to enter the Citadel, the two battalions established their night positions outside the southeast wall of the Citadel. If the Marines penetrated the forward line the PAVN moved to the secondary line and then reoccupied the abandoned positions at night. [4]:200 Company D, 1/5 Marines arrived in the Citadel on the evening of 14 February after taking fire while crossing the Perfume River. „Hue Marines Keep Determined Vigil Over a Dead Comrade“, Washington Post, 24. April 2007. [4]:213 MACV gave figures of 5,133 PAVN-VC killed at Huế. [9]:362 The "Report from Vietnam: Who, What, When, Where, Why?" At Ba Long, the battalion then embarked upon motorized junks and reached the Citadel the following day. The PAVN strongly defended the perimeter, but once the Cavalry forces broke through with the support of two newly arrived M42 Dusters, they found that the base had been largely abandoned while the Cavalry had been building up their forces for the attack. The 4th Battalion ran into a blocking force from the 2nd Sapper Battalion and a company from the 810th Battalion. Highway 1, passing through the city of Huế, was an important supply line for Army of the Republic of Vietnam (ARVN) and United States forces from the coastal city of Da Nang to the Vietnamese Demilitarized Zone (DMZ), the de facto border between North and South Vietnam only 50 kilometers (31 mi) to the north of Huế. „Capture of Hue Citadel Was a Must for S. Viet Unit“, Washington Post, 29. [10]:32–3, On the night of 30 January it started to rain; from 2 February onwards this rain, low cloud and foggy weather (known locally as the crachin) would last through much of the battle and severely hamper Allied air and artillery support.[11]:43[12]:29. Both the Marine and the airmobile units operating near Huế were in a state of flux as the Tết holiday began. [9]:525 Estimates of Vietnamese civilians killed by the PAVN-VC at Huế range from 2,800 (based on bodies exhumed from mass graves) to almost 6,000. Die Infanteristen mussten immer wieder von ihren Panzern absitzen und jedes einzelne Haus von Scharfschützen säubern. On Wednesday, 50 years after the battle, retired U.S. Marine Sergeant Major John L. Canley, 80, was recognized with the Medal of Honor for his heroics in the Vietnam War. [19][4]:216[20], The PAVN-VC were generally greeted with little enthusiasm by the population of Huế. US-Marineinfanteriedivision, welche zu der Task Force X-Ray gehörte, abkommandiert. Supplies would remain tight for the next week as the Division's helicopters tried to build up a reserve of materiel. [5][6][19], 844 civilians were killed and 1,900 wounded during the battle. To say that we are closer to victory today is to believe, in the face of the evidence, the optimists who have been wrong in the past. General Trưởng ließ den Großteil seiner Black Panther Ranger vom Flugplatz abziehen und einen Entsatzangriff auf das Hauptquartier ausführen. A PAVN blocking force from the 806th Battalion in the graveyard stopped the ARVN relief force about 400 meters short of the Citadel wall destroying two M113s. Februar 1968 forderte General Trưởng Verstärkung an. Unknown to the Marines, the ARVN Airborne had withdrawn from the area two days previously when the Vietnamese Marines began to arrive at Mang Ca and the PAVN defenders had used this opportunity to reoccupy several blocks and reinforce their defenses, Company A was engaged by the PAVN and quickly suffered 35 casualties. This and subsequent optimistic reports were soon contradicted by press reports as journalists made their way into the city and reported on the extent of PAVN-VC control and the bitter house-to-house fighting that was underway. ARVN-Regiment hatte zeitgleich ebenfalls Feindberührung an den nördlichen Ufern des Parfüm-Flusses und wurde von der NVA in schwere Kämpfe verwickelt. Januar 1968 eröffneten die Nordvietnamesische Armee und der Vietcong einen gut koordinierten mehrflügeligen Angriff auf die Stadt Huế. La battaglia di Huế (in inglese Battle of Huế o Siege of Huế, in vietnamita Trận Mậu Thân tại Huế) fu una battaglia, svoltasi dal 30 gennaio, notte del Tết Nguyên Ðán, il capodanno vietnamita, al 3 marzo 1968, in Vietnam nella città di Huế, durante la guerra del Vietnam e vide impegnati l'esercito nordvietnamita (NVA) ed i vietcong contro le forze statunitensi e sudvietnamite. Over the next three days these forces would slowly reduce the PAVN's perimeter. [14]:228 On the night of 31 January, the PAVN-VC launched a mortar attack on Camp Evans which caused an ammunition dump to explode, disabling most of the helicopters of the 229th Assault Helicopter Battalion. This was only beaten back with heavy artillery fire. [10]:69, On 16 February the 1/5 Marines advanced approximately 140 meters for a cost of seven Marines killed and 47 wounded and 63 PAVN killed. [4]:177, On 2 February, the Marines made some minor headway and brought in further reinforcements. Aufgrund der verschlechterten Wetterbedingungen konnte allerdings nur die Hälfte des Bataillons eingeflogen werden. „South Vietnamese recapture Hue“, BBC, 24. In der Folge der Schlacht um Khe Sanh waren die meisten US-Truppen jedoch dort konzentriert. Februar 1968, Seiten A1. [4]:177–8 That night the PAVN 815th Battalion overran the ARVN defenders at the Thua Thien Prison releasing the 2,500 prisoners, including 350 VC who were soon armed with captured ARVN weapons and joined the fighting. U.S. Marines. Bataillon der 1. [10]:27–9, At least two PAVN regiments, two sapper battalions, and an assortment of VC local forces were based in Thừa Thiên Province. The PAVN's Department of Warfare gives figures of 2,400 killed and 3,000 wounded from 30 January until 28 March. Februar 1968, Seiten 1. [4]:167 Meanwhile, the PAVN 802nd Battalion moved north of Tây Lộc to attack Mang Ca. As LaHue later wrote: "Initial deployment of forces was made with limited information. Februar 1968, Seiten 1. The Cavalry force soon encountered two dug-in PAVN Battalions around the villages of Thon Que Chu and Thon La Chu which they were unable to overcome as fog prevented their usual gunship support. [9]:185–6 Initially forces were identified as coming from the PAVN 4th, 5th and 6th Regiments. Some were marched north into captivity, while others were executed, including three West German doctors, two French Benedictine monks and two U.S. government employees. The American command still had little realization of the situation in Huế. Die Schlacht um Huế zählt militärhistorisch zu den Häuserkämpfen, ähnlich wie die Schlacht um Stalingrad, die Schlacht um Aachen, die Schlacht um Berlin, die Schlacht um Grozny, die Schlacht von Mogadischu und die Schlacht in Falludscha. Much the same can be said of Fallujah's defenders. Nach Berichten der südvietnamesischen Armee wurden über 3000 nordvietnamesische Soldaten getötet, wobei diese Zahl vermutlich zu hoch geschätzt ist. On this channel you'll find historic and educational videos from the 1900s. PAVN troops also seized the Tu Dam Pagoda, just south of the canal, which they soon converted to the main command post for the southern wing. A VC company armed with 82mm mortars and 57mm recoilless rifles veered north and took up a position near PK–17 outpost to shell the ARVN airborne and armored units stationed there once the offensive began. [4]:216 Until the last week of the battle, the ARVN, U.S. Marines and 1st Cavalry each fought separate, largely uncoordinated battles without a unified command structure, no overall strategy and competing demands for logistics, air and artillery support. Maryknoll is a community of Catholic missionaries bound together by oath who actively witness to Jesus through feeding the hungry, healing the sick, reaching out to outcasts, prayer, and sacraments. About 2 kilometers (1.2 mi) to its southwest was the 101st Engineering Company compound (16°26′13″N 107°34′55″E / 16.437°N 107.582°E / 16.437; 107.582). [12]:105 On 13 February, Abrams established MACV Forward at Phu Bai, effectively replacing Cushman and assuming overall control of all U.S. forces in I Corps. Daraufhin starteten A-4-Skyhawk-Kampfflugzeuge gezielte Bomben- und Napalmangriffe gegen die Zitadelle und den Kaiserpalast. Citadel in 1 or 2 story houses surrounded by a B-40 rocket Wochen den Vormarsch der auf... Were now only 100 meters from the Citadel in 1 or 2 story houses surrounded by walls.:362 the `` General Offensive-General Uprising '' building, but were still 8 km from Compound! Massacre ( Vietnamese: Thảm sát Tết Mậu Thân ở Huế, lit:208–10... Of three Marines killed von Scharfschützen aus gut getarnten Positionen und Maschinengewehre aus befestigten Gebäuden agieren konnten 2/501st,... 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